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  • Intelligent systems for optimal and adaptive control: Exercise Book

    Intelligent systems for optimal and adaptive control: Exercise Book

    Download for free

    PDF version of the exercise book (on Research Gate)

    Jupyter Notebook files (Python) with all the exercises on GitHub

    This guide provides a solid introduction to the application of machine learning algorithms in various industrial and engineering contexts. It is designed to equip students with both the theoretical foundations and the practical skills required to implement control solutions, deploy forecasting techniques, perform clustering, classification, optimization, and decision-making.

    The book begins with an overview of the fundamental concepts of control theory and machine learning, and their role in industrial applications. It explores key topics such as open-loop and closed-loop control systems, data acquisition, and data preprocessing.

    It then continues with a curated set of exercises aimed at supporting students in applying machine learning techniques across different domains. The guide includes exercises on modeling various dynamic systems either from first principles or using historical data, as well as the application of algorithms for:

    Forecasting

    Techniques for building/training models for time series forecasting and interdependent variables, including:

    • Mean value
    • Weighted mean
    • Moving average
    • Single exponential smoothing
    • Double exponential smoothing (Holt’s method)
    • Triple exponential smoothing (Holt–Winters method)
    • Regression method (correlation analysis)
    • Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN / LSTM)

    Clustering

    Clustering techniques enable the identification of natural groupings and structures within datasets.

    • K-means

    Classification

    The book examines algorithms for classifying states and objects using artificial intelligence methods (through artificial neural networks), including:

    • Support Vector Machine (SVM)
    • Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)
    • Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

    Optimisation

    The book also provides an example exercise for solving a linear optimization problem, including:

    • The Traveling Salesman Problem
    • The General Routing Problem

    Decision-Making

    An essential component of any intelligent control system is the decision-making module, especially when decisions must be made under uncertainty. The guide presents an example from the field of:

    • Fuzzy Logic

  • Lego Pixel Art Generator

    Lego Pixel Art Generator

    Transform Your Photos into Lego Masterpieces

    Have you ever looked at a photograph and thought,

    “This would look amazing as a Lego mosaic!”

    Or perhaps you’ve seen stunning Lego pixel art displays and wondered how creators figure out exactly which bricks and colors they need?

    This Lego Pixel Art Generator is a free web-based tool that makes creating custom Lego mosaics and pixel art incredibly simple. Whether you’re a Lego enthusiast, an artist, or someone looking for a unique way to display your favorite photo, this simple tool transforms any image into a beautiful Lego project, together with a building guide and a complete bricks shopping list.

    To Lego Bricks Mozaic Generator

    What is a Lego Pixel Art Generator?

    A Lego pixel art generator (or a Lego mosaic maker, Lego art generator, or Lego brick calculator) is a specialized tool that converts digital images into pixelated versions using Lego brick colors. These tools analyze your image, determine the closest matching Lego colors, and create a grid-based blueprint showing exactly where each brick goes.

    Our app takes this concept to the next level by providing a comprehensive, browser-based solution that works entirely offline after the initial load – meaning your images never leave your computer, ensuring complete privacy.

    Key Features of the Lego Brick Art Generator

    1. Entirely a Browser-Based Solution

    Unlike other Lego mosaic generators that require server uploads, our app runs entirely in your browser using JavaScript. Your images are processed locally, providing:

    • Complete Privacy: Your photos never leave your device
    • No Account Required: Start creating immediately
    • Works Offline: Once loaded, the app functions without internet connection
    • No File Size Limits: Process images of any size without server restrictions

    2. Precise Color Matching

    The generator uses advanced Euclidean distance algorithms in RGB color space to find the closest available Lego brick color for each pixel. This ensures:

    • Accurate color representation using official Lego colors
    • Automatic exclusion of transparent and unavailable colors
    • Support for all solid Lego colors from the official palette

    3. Custom Size Calculation

    Input your desired board size in either metric (millimeters) or imperial (inches) units. The generator automatically calculates:

    • Exact grid dimensions in Lego 1×1 bricks (7.8mm × 7.8mm per brick)
    • Total number of bricks needed
    • Precise final dimensions accounting for brick sizing

    4. Interactive Preview

    Before committing to a build, see exactly how your image will look:

    • Side-by-side comparison of original and pixelated versions
    • Real-time preview with Lego color IDs displayed
    • Grid visualization showing the exact brick layout

    5. Comprehensive Shopping List

    Never wonder what to order again! The generator provides:

    • Complete breakdown of required bricks by color
    • Lego color IDs for easy ordering
    • Color names and visual previews
    • Quantities sorted by usage (most to least)

    6. Printable PDF Building Guide

    Download a professional PDF guide featuring:

    • Color-coded building map with brick IDs on each square
    • High-resolution grid showing exact brick placement
    • Complete shopping list with quantities
    • Perfect for printing and referencing during construction

    7. Direct Lego Store Integration

    One-click access to Lego’s Pick a Brick service to order the exact 1×1 plates you need, making the ordering process seamless.

    How to Use the Lego Pixel Art Generator

    Using our tool is incredibly straightforward:

    1. Upload Your Image: Drag and drop or select any image file (JPG, PNG, GIF, WebP, etc.)
    2. Set Your Size: Enter your desired board size – the tool automatically calculates the optimal grid dimensions
    3. Choose Your Units: Toggle between metric (mm) and imperial (inches) units with automatic conversion
    4. Preview the Result: Review the pixelated version and see the color mapping
    5. Download Your Guide: Get the PDF building guide and shopping list
    6. Order Your Bricks: Use the integrated link to purchase bricks directly from Lego

    Perfect For…

    Lego Enthusiasts

    Create custom Lego art pieces to display in your home, office, or collection. Transform family photos, pet portraits, or favorite artwork into stunning Lego mosaics.

    Gift Creators

    Design personalized Lego art gifts for birthdays, anniversaries, or special occasions. The PDF guide makes it easy for anyone to build, even without extensive Lego experience.

    Artists and Designers

    Use as a planning tool for large-scale Lego mosaic projects. Preview color schemes and calculate material needs before purchasing bricks.

    Educators

    Teach students about color theory, pixel art, and mathematical concepts like grids, ratios, and scale. Great for STEAM education projects.

    Event Organizers

    Create custom Lego pixel art for events, fundraisers, or community projects. The shopping list feature helps with budget planning.